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泉 雄大; 山本 悟史*; 藤井 健太郎; 横谷 明徳
no journal, ,
In a unit chromatin architecture of eukaryotic cells, DNA wraps around histone proteins. It has been gradually recognized that chemical modifications of histones play important roles in DNA repair processes. Kinds of modifications and the functions of modified histones are widely studied, but the conformation of modified histone has not been studied well. In this work, we investigated the secondary structural change of histone H2A/H2B induced by X-ray irradiation to living cells, measuring circular dichroism (CD) spectra. The CD spectra show that 
-helix structure relatively increased in the X-irradiated cells. The secondary structural change would be induced by chemical modifications of histone H2A/H2B. This structural change may also play important roles in DNA repair processes.
泉 雄大; 藤井 健太郎; 松尾 光一*; 横谷 明徳
no journal, ,
DNA wraps around core histone proteins composed of several subunits named as H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 in eukaryotic nuclei. It has been gradually recognized that chemical modifications of histones play important roles in DNA repair processes. Recently, we observed relative increment of -helix structure of histone H2A/H2B induced by X-irradiation to human cells using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. In this work, we investigated the secondary structural change of histone H3/H4 measuring vacuum ultraviolet CD (VUV-CD) spectra. The VUV-CD spectra did not show apparent difference between H3/H4 extracted from X-irradiated cells and that extracted from unirradiated cells. This result suggests that (1) the structure of H3/H4 was not altered although that of H2A/H2B was altered, or (2) opposite structural changes between H3 and H4 occurred, for example, -helix structure of H3 increased, but that of H4 decreased, since CD spectra reflect total amount of each secondary structure.
泉 雄大; 藤井 健太郎; 山本 悟史*; 松尾 光一*; 横谷 明徳
no journal, ,
DNA wraps around core histone proteins composed of several subunits named as H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 in eukaryotic nuclei. It has been gradually recognized that chemical modifications of histones play important roles in DNA repair processes. Recently, we observed relative increment of -helix structure of H2A and H2B (H2A-H2B) induced by X-ray irradiation to human cells. In this work, we investigated structural alterations of H3 and H4 (H3-H4) extracted from X-irradiated cells using vacuum ultraviolet circular dichroism (VUV-CD) spectroscopy. The VUV-CD spectral shape of H3-H4 extracted from X-irradiated cells was different from that from unirradiated cells. Analyzing the CD spectra, we found that -helix structure component of H3-H4 relatively decreased by X-irradiation to cells. This is an opposite of structural change observed in H2A-H2B. The mechanism of histone structural alterations in response to X-ray irradiation has not been identified yet, but a possible mechanism could be via post-translational modifications which are known to occur in histones during DNA damage responses. Cyclopedic VUV-CD spectroscopy of specific modified-histones to understand the alteration mechanism and its contribution to DNA repair processes is warranted for future studies.